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Psychologie (Subject) / SS15 (Lesson)

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• 1. How can unconscious motives be assessed? a. Thematic Apperception Test b. Interview c. Likert scale d. Motive Questionnaire e. Sort sampling method a
• 1. What does the second modulation assumption in Kuhl’s PSI theory state? a. Downregulation of positive affect establishes access to extension memory b. Positive affect activates isolated experiences that are abstracted from their content c. Negative affect inhibits access to integrated self-representations and implicit motives d. The inhibition of negative affects activates intention memory e. A lack of positive affect inhibits access to integrated self-representations and implicit motives c
• 1. What is the difference between motivation and volition? a. Whereas motivation is basically unconscious, volition refers to a conscious act of the free will b. Motivation is a state, volition is a trait c. Motivation refers to the need component, volition to the cognitive decision component of intentional action d. Kurt Lewin replaced volition through motivation e. Motivation concerns processes of goal selection; volition concerns self-regulation in the course of the implementation of a motivational tendency e
• 1. The tendency to adopt the behavior of the group is known as: a. Observational conditioning b. Emulation c. Mimicry d. Social conformity e. Perspective taking d
• 1. When synaptic transmissions become less effective as a result of recent activity this is known as… a. Retrograde potentiation b. Long-term potentiation c. Long-term depression d. Post-tetanic excitation e. Inhibition c
• 1. According to Lou et al. (2004) research, which part of the brain is active when the “implicit self” is addressed? a. Left sensory-motor cortex b. Occipital lobe c. Left lateral temporal cortex d. Cerebellum e. Right inferior parietal region e
• 1. Which of the following demonstrates operant rather than classical conditioning? a. Sitting in the backseat of mother’s car causes nausea in the child b. Hearing the music of an ice cream truck causes children to get excited c. A diner begins salivating as soon as he sees the waiter bringing dessert to the table d. A toddler squeals and curls up in a ball when his mother moves her fingers as if she is going to tickle him e. A car salesperson receives a bonus for doing a good job at work. Afterwards, she continues to work hard at selling cars e
• 1. Most sensory information enters the brain through the: a. Prefrontal cortex b. Thalamus c. Amygdala d. Primary motor cortex e. Occipital lobe b
• 1. What is meant by the expertise effect of flow? a. The flow experienced in one area can be transferred to completely different skill areas b. People who report a flow experience are considered experts c. No expertise is needed to reach a state of flow d. A sudden leap in experienced expertise occurs when performing an activity e. Flow in complex activities will only be experienced if basic skills have become sufficiently automatic e
• 1. What is the self-serving bias? a. The misbelief that playing a home game is an advantage b. Egoism dominates the behavior of a person c. Manipulation of rewards in one’s own favor d. The tendency to attribute own successes to dispositional factors, and failures to situational factors e. The tendency to explain others behavior in terms of personality factors d
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• 1. What can result from long-term motive incongruency? a. Behavioral addiction b. Increased effort c. Obsessive behavior d. Emotional strain and health problems e. Autism d
• 1. Which part of the brain is involved in the high-level planning of the movements involved in picking up and using a pencil? a. Brainstem b. Occipital lobe c. Cerebellum d. Basal ganglia e. Frontal lobes e
• 1. What is argued to be one of the reasons why people make the “fundamental attribution error”? a. Because of social desirability b. The situation is not salient in the behavior of others c. To improve one’s own self-esteem d. Because people are cognitive misers e. Because of the limited capacity of working memory b
• 1. What do motive questionnaires tap? a. The affective basis of needs b. Unconscious evaluation tendencies c. Merely social desirability reactions d. The real needs of the individual e. The value of achievement attitudes E
• 1. What is important in order to increase adherence motivation for physical activity? a. Identify current and desired feel, thoughts, behaviors b. Behavioral control executed by others (e.g., coach, trainer) c. Negative reinforcers if training is not attended regularly d. An easy difficulty level e. A strict training schedule a
• 1. Which findings lead to the assumption that implicit and explicit motives are different constructs? a. Measurements of the 2 constructs are statistically independent b. Identification of different theoretical strata c. Different fMRI scans d. Low reliability of TAT measures Different EEG patterns a
• 1. According to the Premack principle, if a child would rather wash dishes than do homework: a. Homework could be used as a reward for washing dishes b. Washing dishes could be used as reward for doing homework c. The child’s desire to do dishes will be decreased by restricting access to doing homework d. The child’s desire to do homework will be increased by restricting access to washing dishes e. The child’s desire to do dishes will be increased by restricting access to doing homework b
• 1. In Bandura’s Bobo doll study, it was found that: a. Aggressive behavior transferred to other contexts b. Boys primarily followed female models c. Only the children who were first provoked showed aggression towards the Bobo doll d. For girls, aggression was more common when they observed a female model than a male model e. The attack styles of the children who behaved aggressively were different from the attack styles of the models they observed c
• 1. What is the result of LTP? a. Increased efficiency of reflexes on brain stem level b. Increased secretion of neuromodulators c. Increased efficiency of reflexes on spine level d. Increased synaptic effectivity e. Increased transmission speed of signals d
• 1. Which of the following is suggested by the Rescorla-Wagner model? a. When the CS predicts nothing and no unexpected US occurs, the association between the CS and US is decreased b. When the CS predicts the US and the expected US does not occur, the association between the CS and US is decreased c. When the CS predicts the US and the expected US does not occur, no learning occurs d. When the CS predicts the US and the expected US occurs, the association between the CS and US is increased e. When the CS predicts nothing and an unexpected US occurs, previous learning is blocked b
• 1. After working for $15 an hour, Sally’s pay was cut to $8 an hour. She stopped working so hard, working much less than her co-workers, who had been earning $8 an hour all along. This is an example of: a. Positive punishment b. The Protestant ethic effect c. Negative contrast d. Negative reinforcement Reactance c
• 1. Which personality disposition is associated with a lock of congruency between implicit and explicit motives? a. State orientation b. Fear or failure c. Neuroticism d. Introversion e. Action orientation a

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