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Bienen (Subject) / Prüfung (Lesson)
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- What is Aspergilliosis caused by? It is caused by the Stone-brood, which is caused by Aspergillus flavus and fumigatus
- What must be collected when suspecting poisoning of the bees? 1 litre of dead bees, and samples of plants
- What is used against malpighamoebosis? There are no effective treatments against it.
- Where do the symptoms of Ascosphera apis (chalk brood) occur? It occur on the body, but not on the head. They are found in the outer fringes of the brood nest. It is most common in late spring/early summer
- Life span of worker bee’s? Summer: 4-6 weeks Winter: 6-7 months
- Which organ is the target of nosemosis? The epithelial cells of the midgut
- Which colour does bee’s see? UV light
- Which occurs in Hungary? Varroa destructor or jacobsoni? Varroa destructor
- Small bee hive bug? Aethina tumida; light, yellowish brown at first, but becomes black when its fully mature. Covered with fine hairs. Put stress on the colonies. Larvae are scavengers and eat live brood and honey, defecate in the honey, promote fermentation.
- Which Haplo type occurs in Hungary? Japanese or Korean? The Korean type
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- When and how to protect against Varroa? It is done at autumn, and by drugs with akaricid effect: amitrazFolbex VACymazolPerizinFluvalinatFormic acidCoumaphos(heated air)
- 2 genuses of flies causing Apimyiasis? Melaloncha ronnai: brazil Rondaniooestrus apivorus: South Africa
- What is the result of the European foulbrood? Larvae appear off white, progressing to brown, become displaced in their cells and then they die. The dead larvae are flaccid, brownish and have a foul odour or sour smell.
- What is the result of American foulbrood? the cell and they often develope a syndrome called “pupual tongue” where the tongue protrudes from the scale to the center of the cell. It gives off a fish-glue-like smell. A month after a very dark brown scale can be found in the lower part of the cell, and it is very difficult to remove.
- What are the foulbrood bacterias? Paenibacillus larvae (Gr+, spore forming) → american foulbrood Melissococcus pluton (Gr+, no spores) → european foulbrood
- How to diagnose viral diseases? Cultivation in adult for antiserum productionAgar gel diffusion testElisaSymptoms
- What is propolis? A combination of plant waxes and resins collected from buds and tree wounds, used for insulation of the hives
- Which bee is in Europe? Apis mellifera
- Which bacterium can be isolated from an uncapped dead larva? Melissococcus pluton (european foulbrood) → infected larva is detected and ejected by nurse bees
- Which bacterium can be isolated from an uncapped dead larva? Melissococcus pluton (european foulbrood) → infected larva is detected and ejected by nurse bees M. pluton + secondary organisms → the larva dies before it is capped and are detected by nurse bees. Bacillus alvei → the diseased larva is capped and fails to pupate
- How long is the development of the worker? 21 days → 3+6+12
- How many laraval stages are there in the bee? There are 5 larval stages
- Which sex of mite infects the trachea of the bee? The female infests itself in the trachea and lays her eggs, only after 11-12 days after the first males appear.
- Which will be sick of Nosemosis? The adults, mainly workers but sometimes also queens and drones may be infected
- Which colour can the bee see that we can’t? UV light
- What is the agent causing Nosemosis, and what is the infective form of it? Nosema apis/ceranae; spore
- How many breathing holes have the bee? 10 pair of spiracles
- How do the larva of European foulbrood look like? The larva appear offwhite, progressing to brown, when its dead it is brownish and before it decompose it is gelatinous and the contents of the guts are chalk white (normally golden brown)
- How old are the larva that can be sick of sacbrood? They are 2 days
- To whom is the royal jelly given? Queen, and queen larva, and eggs are laid into it
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- What will hatch from a haploid fertilized egg? A drone
- Name 2 glands of workers? Pharyngeal gland Wax gland
- Describe the compound eye? It has 3 ocelli and 2 oculus
- Drones comes from haploid eggs which are always not fertilized jbj
- What is the task of 3-5 days old workers? Feeding older larvae
- Name 4 viral diseases? Chronic paralysis virus (CPV)Acute bee-paralysis virus (APV)Sacbrood virus (SBV)Deformed wing virus (DWV)Cloudy wing virus (CWV)
- Cause of sacbrood? Sacbrood virus
- What is Bee wolf? Philanthus triangulum; it is a wasp
- What is the cause of American foulbrood? Paenibacillus larvae
- What is stonebrood? It is a fungal infection by Aspergillus flavus + fumigatus which causes aspergillosis
- What is the infective form of Malpighamoebosis? The cysts
- What ages of bees are susceptible to malpighamoebosis? The adult bees, they ingest the cysts
- Treatment of Nosemosis? Fumagillin or other antibiotics, and cleaning and disinfection of the hives and combs
- One cause of apimyasis? Senotainia tricuspis Melaloncha ronnai Rondaniooestrus apivorus
- What does hygienic strain mean? Recessive trait of 2 genes k+r
- Name 2 non infectious diseases? Lethal gene Chilled brood Overheated brood Starved brood Neglected brood
- Where is the infectious nosema? Epithelium of mid gut
- Colony collapse disorder? Cause losses up to 30-90%, Collapsed colonies: complete absense of adult bees, presence of of capped brood , presence of food stores, both honey and bee bread Actively collapsing: insufficient workforce, young adult bees, queen is present, cluster is relucted to consume provided feed.
- Where is the wax gland found? Between 3-6 segment in workers
- Pathogen of Chalk broo Ascosphaera apis