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Psychologie (Subject) / Klausur (Lesson)

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• After working for 15$ an hour, Sally's pay was out to 8$ an hour. This is an example of: negative contrast
• What needs to be developed in children in order to plan, act intentionally and interact with others? a theory of mind
• What is meant by the expertise effect of flow flow in complex activities will only be experienced if basic skills have become sufficiently automatic
• According to Hull, which 2 components determine behavior? anticipated action-outcome consequences motivate action
• Behavioral addictions: seem to activate the same reinforcement system in the brain as drug addictions do
• According to the Premark principle, if a child would rather wash dishes than do homework washing dishes could be used as a reward for doing homework
• In Classic Conditioning, the spontaneous recovery of a CR suggest that: the CR is not gone after extinction
• Taking into account Weiner's locus, stability and controllability refer to ability
• What was one of Sigmund Freund's most important contributions to contemporary motivational psychology? the introduction of the decisive role of the unconscious
• Most sensory information enters the brain through the: thalamus
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• What attribution would you make according to Kelly's model if you observe high consistency, high consensus and high distinctiveness? entity
• Which of the following is suggested by the Rescola-Wagner model? when the CS predicts the US and the expected US does occur, the association between the CS and US is decreased
• Which of the following demonstrates use of a teken economy the encourage good behavior in school children? awarding children points for good behavior, which they can exchange at the end of the day for small toys
• Which of the following demonstrates use of a teken economy the encourage good behavior in school children? awarding children points for good behavior, which they can exchange at the end of the day for small toys
• Motivation and volition: Which motives does MC Clellands model of dual motives address? implicit and explicit motives
• Molecules on the surface of the postsynaptic cell that bind with and respond to neurotransmitters are called? receptors
• Interfering with dopamin seems to reduce motivation to perform a behaviour but have no effect of enjoyment of a reinforcer
• The inborn tendency to react emotionally to stimuli that indicate emotion in other members of one's species is called: contagion
• Which of the following is an example of a secondary reinforce? money
• Learning leads to relativ stable changes in the behavioural potential
• Which of the following demonstrates operant rather than classical conditioning?  a car sales person receives a bonus for doing a good job at work. Afterwards, she continues to work hard at selling cars
• Teachers can create the conditions for learning and studying in order to motivate their students. What kind of study conditions motivate students with a high explicit achievement motive most? high demands and competitions with otherd
• Which of the following results suggests that the hippocampus is critical for CS modulation effects? hippocampal lesions eliminate latent inhibition in rabbit eye blinc conditioning
• What are according to Locke and Lathan the 5 characteristics of effectiv goals? specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, time-specific
• What is a developmental deadline?  point in life at which the prospects of achievining an important developmetal goal decrease sharply
• When does the autonomeus achievement motive develop? at preschool or even earlier
• At what age do children perceive success and failure? 3-4 years of age
• When synaptic transmissions become less effective as a result of recent activity this is known as longterm depression
• In what way does operant conditioning differ from classical conditioning? in classical conditioning, the consequence arrives regardless of the animal's behaviour, while in operant  conditioning only arrives once the animal has made a response
• Which personality disposition is associated with a lack of congruency between implicit and explicit motives? state orientation
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• What is the difference between motivation and volition? motivation concerns processes of goal selection, volition concerns self regulation in the course of the  implementation of a motivational tendency
• Why can people high in "motivational competence" be expected to experience flow more frequently? less self control is required which makes effort less joyful flow experiences more likely
• According to CS modulation theories such as that Mackingtosh, latent inhibition occurs because the CS is ignored because it doesn't predict anything reliably
• What can result from long-term motive incongruency? emotional strain and health problems
• According to Lou et als research, which part of the brain is active when the "implicit self" is addressed? right inferior parietal region
• What is the result of LTP? increased synaptic effectivity
• What is synaptic plasticity? the ability of synapses to change as a result of experience
• Men generally perform better than womes on tasks involving spatial learning
• A student watches for shooting stars on a clear night, and sees one approximately every two minutes. This is an example of what kind of schedule of reinforment? variable-interval
• The study of how organism allocate their time and resources among possible options is known as behavioural economics
• Which kind of neurons respond during both performence of an action and during visual observations of that same action? mirror
• Autistic children have problems with perspective taking
• Which variable expands the Theory of Reasened Action of the Theory of Planned Behaviour? Perceived Behavioural Control
• The tendency to adopt the behaviour of the group is known as social conformity
• What are the effects of a retrograde messenger? increased neurotransmitter release at the presynapse
• In Bandura's Bobo doll study, it was found that only children who were first provoked showed aggression towards the Bobo doll

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