USMLE (Subject) / Cardiovascular (Lesson)
There are 102 cards in this lesson
USMLE First Aid
This lesson was created by estoffel.
- UWorld terms Myocardial hyperbation: A state of chronic myocardial ischemia in which both myocardial metabolism and function are reduced to match a concomitant reduction in coronary blood flow (due to flow-limiting stenosis). The new equilibrium prevents myocardial necrosis. This leads to decreased contractility and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Ischemic precondioning: A phenomenom in which brief repetitive episodes of myocardial ischemia, followed by reperfusion, protect the myocardium from subsequent prolonged episodes of ischemia. In clinical terms, repetitive episodes of angina prior to MI can delay cell death after complete coronary occlusion and provide a greater time for myocardial salvage with coronary revascularization.
- Cutaneous small vessel vasculitis Typically arises due to drug or pathogen exposure (eg, hepatitis B or C viruses). - Common drugs: penicillin, cephalosporins, sulfonamides, phenytoin, allopurinol - Nonblanching palpable purpura- Often involves the lower extremities Histology: Inflamed small blood vessels with fibrinoid necrosis- First 24 hours: primarily neutrophils and fragmented neutrophilic nuclei (leukocytoclastic vasculitis)- Later: Mononuclear cells