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Pathophysiologie (Subject) / asthma (Lesson)
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- What is asthma chronic inflammatory disease of the airways
- Symptomes of asthma wheezing narrow airwways coughing mucous (Schleim) chest tightness narrow airways shortness of breath chest pain O2 decr. increase heart frequency
- Why is asthma a chronical disease? result of chronic inflammatory disease of the airways -> hypersensitivity
- Diagnostics of asthma only made on the pattern of symptomes Airflow in Airways by peakflow or spirometer spirometry Lung volume (Lungfunction Test LFT)
- How to differentiate asthma and COPD Lung function test and bronchial challenge test /reversibility test
- Quick-relief medications beta2-adrenoreceptor agonists -> Salbutamol 2-4 h
- long term control medications long acting beta2-adrenoreceptor agonists = LABA 12 h effect e.g. Acetylcholin, Salmeterol, Formoterol alternatives to corticoids: Leukotriene antagonists mast cell stabilizers
- allergic asthma: triggered by antibodies IgE and IgG IgE interacts with allergens release of: Histamine, Bradykinin, Leucotriene
- non allergic asthama intrinsic asthma caused by infection
- atopic asthma caused by exposure of the bronchial mucosa to an inhale airborne antigen eingeatmetes Allergen
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- non atopic asthma inflammation of airways that is NOT caused by sposure to an allergen
- atopic syndrom genetic predispositon toward developing certain allergic hypersensitivity reactions. genetische Veranlagung ...
- atopic march development of food allergy <3 years decrease... development of asthma 4-9 years decrease... development of Rhinitis (chron. disease of mucosa) 5-10 years
- Tests Prick Test: allergen extract on surface Blood testing: measuring of Antibodies (IgE) RAST = radioallergosorbent test
- Hyposensitization patient is vaccinated to the allergen with increasing doses IgG is built and neutralizes the allergens so that no Histamin is exposed by IgE