Semantic Theories (Fach) / Case Relations (Lektion)
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Fillmore
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- Case relations.. identified as relevant grammatical units by Fillmore alias 'deep cases' or 'case roles' today 'thematic roles' are defined as semantic-syntactic relations that hold between a verb and the nominal phrases within a sentence include relations such as Agentive or Instrument Fillmore: deep structure of the standard theory is not deep enough and a level of representation is needed that is deeper and precedes the Chomskyan deep structure
- Fillmore identified a set of case relations: Agentive Instrumental Dative Factitive Locative Objective Benefactive Experiencer Force -> each case relation can occur only once in a sentence; relations are hierarchially ordered -> the case relation which occupies the highest position in the hierarchy (Agentive) will become the subject of the sentence.
- How are case relations identified? it never became clear, how many there are and according to Fillmore they are identified on the basis of prepositions, but they can't provide the basis. he either makes no distinction between complements and adjuncts; he needed various transformations to derive surface structures and that the transformations were unconstrained -> approach wasn't successful, but case relations / thematic roles have become an essential part of practically any modern grammar.