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Lab d (Fach) / RBC (Lektion)
RBC
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- oxigen binding capacity of Hgb ↑ (left shift) ↓ temperatur ↓ 2,3 DPG ↓ [H+] ↓ pCO2
- oxigen binding capacity of Hgb ↓ (right shift) ↑ temperatur ↑ 2,3 DPG ↑ [H+] ↑ pCO2
- methaemoglobin methaemoglobinaemia causes signs Hgb cotaining oxidised iron (3+ form) ↑ methaemoglobin level oxidative damage to the RBC (nitrites, free radicals, paracetamol, onion) dark brown blood, cyanotic mucous membranes
- ↑ Hgb conentration relative (dehydration) or absolute polycytaemia
- ↓ Hgb concentration relative (hyperhydration) absolute oligocytaemia (anaemia)
- RBC count Bürker-chamber method estimated RBC count RBC count measured by automatic cell counter (laser, impedance)
- Parameters Ht, PCV RBC count Hgb concentration and/or function
- Derivative parameters MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hgb) MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume) MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hgb Concentration)
- MCH normal young animals Hgb content of RBCs (↓hypo-, ↑hyperchromasia) normal : 12-30 pg (cat: 13-17, dog 15-24) young animals: ↑ 28-32 pg
- MCV normal size of the RBCs (macro-, normo-, microcytic) normal: 60-70 fl (cat: 40-53, dog: 63-75) cat, horse = small new born = large young = big adult = small Akita: small Poodle: large
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- causes of microcytosis (↓ MCV) chronic blood loss iron, copper, pyridoxine (vit B6) deficiency portosystemic shunt
- causes of macrocytosis (↑ MCV, mostly regenerative anaemias) polycythaemia absoluta vera (erythroleukemia) Vit B12, folic acid, cobalt deficiency erythroleukemias
- MCHC normal Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration concentration of Hgb in RBCs (↓hypo,- ↔normo-, ↑hyperchromic) normal: 300-350 g/l (30-35%) - normochrom
- hypochromasia (↓ MCHC) new born animals regenerative anaemias iron deficiency anaemia
- hyperchromasia (↑ MCHC) (polycythaemia absoluta vera, erythroleukemia) Vit B12, folic acid, cobalt ddeficiency immunolytic anaemia (spherocytosis) lead poisoning splenectomy
- regenerative anaemias (typical changes in derivated parameters) normocytic, hypochromic: ↑MCV, ↓MCHC (↑Reticulocytes)
- non regenerative anaemias (typical changes in derivated parameters) normocytic, normochromic: ↔MCV, ↔↓MCHC
- Japanese Akita (normal) microcytic, normochromic: ↓MCV, ↔MCHC
- iron, copper, piridoxine deficiency anaemias, liver failure, portosystemic shunt microcytic, hypochromic: ↓MCV, ↓MCHC (↓ Hgb synthesis)
- FeLV infection, Vit B12, Co, or folic acid deficiency erythroleukemia, poodle macrocytosis macrocytic, normochromic: ↑MCV, ↔MCHC, impaired DNA synthesis
- other laboratory measurements in connection with RBCs Serum iron measurement TIBC (Total iron binding capacity)