Technical PM-competences (Fach) / 1.05 Quality (Lektion)

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• Summary Quality and quality management are predominantly relevant in the planning and the control phase. Quality managment is intented to bring a higher quality to both the project content and the project management process Quality is the "degree to which extend a set of inherent features fulfills certain requirements". Team quality means that the project employees are appropriately qualified, appointed according to qualification, familar with the project objectives and QM-plan and included in regular reviews of the quality of cooperation. A project audit is a project analysis conducted by an independent project auditor. The audit is completed on a key date and the subject, content and objectives have been previously determined. Usualy conducted by supporting organisations (such as a project management office), a project management audit serves to implement organisied learning and to continuously improve the project management systems of the organisation. In projects, several tools of quality management are used. An example is the cause-effect diagram.
• Quality Quality is the "degree to which extend a set of inherent features fulfills certain requirements". (ISO-Norm) Quality is also "when the client comes back, not the product" Alll stakeholders must be satisified with both the proceeding and the results of the project(this also includes that the flow of information within the project is satisfactory for the stakeholders)
• Team Quality Team quality means that the project employees are appropriately qualified, appointed according to qualification, familar with the project objectives and QM-plan and included in regular reviews of the quality of cooperation.
• Audit An audit is "the systematic, independent examination of an activity and its results, which documents the presence and appropriate usage of specific requirements
• System Audit The system audit serves to assess the efficiency and fucntionality of the entire quality managment system
• Process Audit The process audit investigates the efficiency of the implemented process
• Product Audit The Product Audit inspects the products an completes a SHOULD/IS comparison of the specification
• Project Management Audit Usualy conducted by supporting organisations (such as a project management office), a project management audit serves to implement organisied learning and to continuously improve the project management systems of the organisation. The focus is on the following: PM-specification, PM-implementations, PM-documents, compliance with the PM-manual
• Quality Management Models Quality Management can be divided into several models CIP - continous improvement process TQM - total quality management EFQM - European foundation for quality management Project excellence CMMI - capability maturity model implementation
• CIP - continous improvement process PDCA-Cycle: Plan > Do > Check > Act; the cycle has to be repeated over and over again
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• TQM - Total Quality Management A consitent orientation towards the customer's needs and contious improvement of the quality of the results. This involves all areas and processes of the company.
• EFQM - European Foundation For Quality Management Two groups of criteria: "enablers" & "results""enablers": Early indicators of requirements for future success (what the organisation does, how it proceeds)"results": late indicators of which objectives have been achieved The maturity level of the company is measured according:Results, Approach, Deployment, Assessment and Review (RADAR Model)
• Project excellence The model is based on the EFQM-model, but it focuses on project management Criterias are:customer orientation, employee development and inclusion, partnership with suppliers, leadership- and objective consequence, social responsibility, process and facts, result orientation
• CMMI - Capability Maturity Model Implementation Defined 5 different majurity levels of project organisation Competent people and heroics (hope for the best): Performed Process characterized for projects and is often reactive: Managed Process characterized for the organization and is proactive: Defined Process meassured and controlled: Quantitatively managed Focus on project improvement: Optimizing
• Quality Management tools Tools for error decetion: error summary list (visualize the amount of errors/problems) histogram quality control chart (average value, top/bottom warning limits, top/bottom intervention limit)  Tools for error analysis: flow diagram (presentation of process sequences) Pareto diagram scatter diagram cause-effect-diagram/ fishbone or Ishikawa-diagram (5Ms: Men, Machines, Material, Method, Measurments)  value sequence diagram

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