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Onko (Subject) / 7. Herzog (Lesson)
- Briefly recapitulate the biogenesis pathway of microRNAs -transcription of the primary microRNA-processing of the pro -miRNA (Drosha)-dicing of pre-miRNA (Dicer)-RISC loading (RNA Induced Silencing Complex)
- What is the molecular function of microRNAs - how do they confer this function? 1. silencing of the target mRNA by argonaute2. inhibition of translation = synthesis of less protein3. destabilization of the target mRNA RNA destabilization dominates over translational inhibition
- How can aberrant expression of miRNAs promote cancer development? 1. Global reduction of micro RNA expression 2. Selective overexpression of oncogenic miRNAs (oncomiRs) 3. Selective reduction/deletion of tumor-suppressive miRNAs
- What is the miRNA seed region, and why is it important for miRNA function? ausm internet miRNAs regulate the gene expression by binding to the mRNA. The seed sequence is essential for the binding of the miRNA to the mRNA. The seed sequence or seed region is a conserved heptametrical sequence which is mostly situated at positions 2-7 from the miRNA 5´-end. Even though base pairing of miRNA and its target mRNA does not match perfect, the “seed sequence” has to be perfectly complementary.
- How can long non-coding RNAs affect gene regulation? guide other RNAs or proteinsdecoys (ködern) scaffolds enhancers
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