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Virology (MD PhD) (Subject) / Müller (Lesson)
- Arboviruses - Arthropod borne viruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors - Not phylogenetically distinct, but rather a heterogeneous group Frequent Symptoms:- Encephalitis - Hemorrhagic fever - Rash, arthropathy, fever
- Genus: Flavivirus - (+)ssRNA - Icosahedral, 50 nm in diameter- Lipid envelop - Nucleocapsid C protein- 5‘ and 3‘ noncoding region - Adapted to a wide range of temperature- Many infections are asymptomatic - Classification into antigenic groups Tick: Tick-borne encephalitis, Powassanencephalitis, Deertickvirus encephalitis, Omsk hemorrhagic fever, Kyasanur forest disease Mosquito: Japanese encephalitis, Australian encephalitis, St.Louis encephalitis, West Nile fever, Dengue fever, Yellow fever, Zika fever
- West Nile Virus Virus: large geographic range, endemic in large parts of the world with sporadic outbreaks Vector: Enzoonotic cycle in birds, over 60 mosquito species involved, „dead-end“ hosts like humans and horses Disease: Mostly: asymptomatic!- 1 in 5: Fever- 1 in 150: Encephalitis - Transmission through organ transplantation- Routine testing of blood donation by PCR
- Tick-borne encephalitis virus Virus: Three subtypes: Western, Siberian, Far Eastern Vector: Ixodes ricinus1 in 250: fever Very few: Encephalitis, with increasing incidence - Vaccination recommended for all
- Togaviridae, Genus Alphavirus „New world“ alphaviruses: Encephalitis „Old world“ alphaviruses: Fever, rash, arthropathy - Lipid envelope with glycoprotein E1 and E2 - Icosahedral nucleocapsid, (+)ssRNA
- Chikungunya - Alphavirus (Togaviridae) - Aedes aegypti/albopictus - Disease manifestations are partly mediated by the immune response - Disease: Fever, rash, arthropathy
- MERS-Corona virus - Severe respiratory illness - Case-fatality rate: 50% - Person-to-person transmission - Source: Dromedaries
- New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase gene (DNA code) carried by some bacteria. If a bacteria strain carries the NDM-1 gene it is resistant to nearly all antibiotics, including carbapenem antibiotics
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