Pathophysiologie (Subject) / cancer (Lesson)

cancer

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• Wat is een carcinoom? malignant tumor from epithelial tissue (endo- / ectoderm)
• wat ie een sarcoom? malignant tumor from mesoderm -> builds metastasis in bloedvessels
• wat is een benigne tumor benign tumor (gutartig) suppresses surrounding tissue -> no metestasis 
• wat is een maligne tumor? malign tumor (bösartig) grows through surrounding tissue and destroys it. -> metestasis
• wat is een tumor? new building of tissue because of missregulation of cellgrowth
• types of mutation point mutation  deletion insertion frameshift translocation
• wat is een Oncogene? mutated form of protooncogene -> supports unrestrained cellgrowths
• wat is een Protooncogene? is a normal gene. can be changed into oncogene by mutation caused by carcinogenes
• tumor supressor gene that suppresses the production of defekt genes (oncogenes)
• example for chemical carzinogens? tobacco smoke
• example for physical carzinogen: uv radiation
• example vor biologic carinogen: Viruses Polyomavirus -> Cervixcacinom
• Which kind of carcinogens exist? chemical  physical biological  
• mutatorgene repairs defect DNA
• what is hyperlasia? building of bnign tumor = adenom
• what is dysplasia? changed cellstructure after mutation
• malignant versus benign: malignant: spread metastasis  infiltrates tissue growth cellcyclerate   benign: encapsulated
• anaplasia metastasis which are totaly different to primary tumor
• tumormarker:   P-53 antibody -> colon rectal carcinom PSA -> prostata carcinom  

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