172

Culture Studies (Subject) / Critical terms and concepts (Lesson)

This lesson was created by TamiRabitsch.

Learn lesson

This lesson is not released for learning.

back  |  next 3 / 4

• Pastiche style of plagiarizing quoting, borrowing from previous styles no referernce to history, no rules postmodern style
• Perspective l
• Phallis/phallic psychoanalytic terms symbol of the power that men have in patriarchial society phallus (symbol) related to the penis (real)? phallic=mens power and symbolism of the penis
• Phenomenology dimension of subjective human experience in how we react bodily and emotionally, intellectually to the world around us emphasizes how we experience, make meaning to the world being-in-the-world bracketing out social context, imagination of a direct encounter of people to world around them bodily ecperience
• Photographic truth mechanical device -->photograps associated with truth/objectivity myth product of human choice selective composition, manipulation digital imaging
• Pixel short for picture element smallest unit in a digital image/screen greater the number of pixels, the higher resolution of an image
• Polysemy having many potential meanings sometimes all at once polysemic
• Pop art art movement, late 1950's, 1960's images or materials of "low culture" aspects of mass culture, reworked them as art objects and paintings mass media forms, screen print critique association of art with cultivated taste mark everyday person's culture and taste
• Pop surrealism postmodern art movement, 2000s appropriates surrealistic art of the early 20th century mix with other traditional styles  ironic (ir)refernce to contemporary political, cultural imaginary beauty, normality... low brow art
• Positivism philosophical position scientific assume that meanings exist out in the world independent of feelings, attitudes, beliefs nature of things can be established thorugh experimentation facts are free of language and representational systems only scientific knowledge is geniune knowledge
• Advertisement
• Postcolonialism cultural and social contexts of countries, relationships of colonialism (colonized &colonizer) contemporary mix of cultures in former colonies postcolonial=broad set of changes, affected colonies+colonizers mix of identities, languages, influences<--independence/dependence theorists:breack-up is never complete, no end to forms of domination between countries
• Postindustrialization economic contexts and relations after industrialization less industrial growth more service, information economies, global capitalism
• Postmodernity life in a period of radical tranformation of social, economic, political aspects of modernity flows of migration, global travel flow of infomration(internet, other digital tech.) dissolution of nation-states expansion of trade-liberalization gap rich poor -->bigger describes social, cultural, economic formations after modernity different worldview+ways of being period of questionning "metanarratives" unified accounts and theories could capture human condition frederic jameson: cultural outcome of "logic of late capitalism"
• Postmodernism critique of modernist concepts (universalism, idea of presence, traditional notion of subject as unified and self-aware, faith in progress) existing in ruins of modernity styles in art, literature... parody,bricolage,irony,appropriation-->as if nothing new to say, no ultimate knowledge to reveal art/visual style: set of style question authenticity,autorship,style pregression highly reflexive, mix of stlyes pop culture,advertising: techniques involve reflexivity, discontinuity, pastiche, speak to viewers as consumers, through self-knowing metacommunication
• Postructurialism loosely term refers to theories that followed,critized structurialism examine practices, left out od structurialist view of society, desire, play, ambiguities of meaning--->especially arts toolboxes for moving beyond closed systems of structural logic, models, methods roland barthes
• Power/knowledge Michael Foucault ways power affectswhat counts as knowledge in a given social context how knowledge systems are caught up in power relations inseperable concepts of truth are realtive to them
• Practice important concept in cultural studies actvities of cultural consumers and producers through which they interact with cutlural products, make maning from them practices of looking= activities undertaken by viwers of art,the media, pop culture -->interpret, make use of images
• presence immediate experience, traditionally contrasted with representation, aspects of world that are product of human mediation quality of "being present" understood historically, direct in world, experienced through senses, unmediated through human belief, ideologies, language sytsems, forms of representation postmodernism critizises this concept as illusion
• Presumption of relevance adverstising: manner of speaking that makes presumption that issues presented are of utmost importance shiny hair, most important in life -->does not seem absurd  
• Propaganda negative connotations indicates imparting of political messages through mass media or art intent of moving people on calculated ways elist them through emotions to certain political beliefs Nazis
• Pseudoindividuality Marxist theory, primarily Frankfurt School way mass culture creates a false sense of individuality in cultural consumers effect of pop culture and advertsising, addresses viewer as individual, although it arrives masses suggests homogeneity
• Psychoanalytic theory theory of how mind works originally from Freud emphasizes role of unconscious and desire in shaping actions, fellings and motives respressed materials of unconscious to surface through talking cure construction of selves thorugh various mechanisms and processes of unconscious is application of many of these ideas to analyze systems of representation Jaques Lacan:relationship to language systems, analyzing of film&literature
• Public sphere Jürgen Habermas defines a social spaces(could be virtual)-->citizens come together to discuss issues of their society ideal space for well-informed citizens to discuss matters of common interest never been realized-->integration of private interests,affect of class dynamics, race, gender-->inequality
• Punctum Roland Barthes aspect of photograph that grabs our emotion, attention felt as uniquely personal sometimes unintentional detail
• Queer originally = homosexuals positive term for sexual identities that do not fit into dominant heterosexual norms example for apprropriation, negative term to a positive queer reading = reading against dominant secual ideology -->unacknowledged uses of represenations of other sexual affinities queer theory=area of scholarship, examines assumptions about gender and sexual identity
• Referent semiotics object itself opposed to its representation
• Reflexivity making viewers aware of material, technical means of profuction "content" of cultural production modernism and postmodernism prevents viewers from being absorbed by illusion of a film/image
• Reification Marxist theory process abstract ideas are rendered concrete alienation of workers in their identification with means and products of production-->causing them to lose sense of humanity
• Renaissance France, 19th century look back on a particular period of history in italy resurgence of cultural, artistic, scientific activity fusion of art and science broad transition between medieval and modern era
• Replica copy of an art work, produced by original artist or under his/hers supervision differ from reproductions, made in the same medium not an exact copy, as close as possible
• Advertisement
• Representation act of presenting, depicting the likeness of something different from simulation, has a real referent
• Repression psychoanalytic theory individual keeps certain thoughts in unconscious, feelings, memories...too difficult to deal with or socially inappropriate only through this we are functioning Foucault: systems of control are indirectly productive social structures encourage people to express these thoughts
• Reproduction making a copy or duplicating something original works rendered into mutliple copies(poster, muggs....) Walter Benjamin: importance of the copy in changing meaning of the original work
• Resistance popular culture:techniques used by viewers/consumers to be against the message of the dominant culture bricolage, example for a resistance practice
• Scientific revolution 15th-17th century scientific development power struggle between church and science
• scopophilia drive to look general pleasure in looking vouyeurism, exhibitionism=passive and active forms of scopophilia important in psychoanalytical film theroy
• Semiotics theory of signs ways in which things are vehicles for meaninh tool for analyzing the signs of a particular culture, how meaning is produced within a cultural context Ferdinand de Saussure and Chalres Peirce and Umberto Eco cultural products (film, TV...)signs that can be decoded Roland Barthes understanding of culture as a signyfing practice work of creating and interpreting meaning on a daily basis in a culture
• Sign semiotic term relationship between a word, image, object and its specific meaning in a certain context bringing together of signifier and signified signifiers different meanings in different cintexts
• Signified mental concept of referent
• Signifier word/omage/object within a sign that conveys meaning free-floating sgnifier--sense is not fixed, can vary from context to context
• Simulation/simulacrum Jean Baudrillard sign that does not have a real referent
• Social construction 1980's much of was has been taken as fact is socially constructed meaning of things are related to context how things are constructed through systems of representation
• Spectacle something striking or impressive in its visuality
• Spectator psychoanalytic:viewer of visual arts  early versions=ideal viewer special groups:female spectators.....more specific aspects of identity
• Strategy Michel de Certeau practices by which dominant institutions seek to structure time, place, actions of social subjects i.e. television schedule
• Structuralism 1960's emphasized everything that structure human behavior and systems of meaning cultural activity=science elemnts in a culture which creates unitary organization, understood through theory, interpreted through closed method binary oppositions popular culture:  identify recurrent patterns and formulas in film/literature-->poststructuralism
• Structures of feeling Raymond Williams intangibles of an era explain quality of life and distinct sense of native style structures of feelings emerge (often through arts)-->define tone of time=always
• Studium common banal meianing of a photograph
• Subculture distinct social group, not the cultural norm defines itself as oppositional to mainstream culture style as signifier bricolage=central practiceü
• Subject available ways od being for humans in a given time or context historically subject=shifted away from unitary today, more fragmented, less self-knowing and understanding itself to be constituted through process of spiltting individuals as subjects-->split between conscious and unconscious,born through structures of language and society active forces and sependent on others

back  |  next 3 / 4