Technologie und Innovationsmanagement (Subject) / technology collaboration and open innovation (Lesson)
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This lesson was created by Niiklas1997.
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- three major obstacles, which prevent an efficient knowledge transfer 1. Uncertainty 2. Asymmetric information about a technology´s performance between the seller and the buyer (principal-agent-problem) 3. transaction costs
- barriers which prevent a efficient external technology exploitation - cultural barriers - lack of understanding in the technical community (what to do with new technologies) - lack of understanding in the business community (how to find new innovations and how to gain access to them) - transaction costs - Intellectual Property Protection
- Advantages and Disadvantages of external technology acquisitions + sharing of costs/risks + efficiency (economies of scale, synergies) + access to markets, know-how, products + impact on competition - set-up costs (search&negotiations, foregone opportunities) - management costs for collaboration - control know-how flows and IP assets
- external, contract based sourcing vs integration Extrenal: + fast+ low capital requirements+ easier to reverse - imitation becomes easier- dependency on supplier- problematic for specialized goods Integration: + full control rights - time-consuming- capital-intensive- irreversible
- further required transfers in case of technology transactions - not only the transfer of ownership rights - also knowledge transfer, such as: -> personal carriers (scientists, key-inventors, manager)-> informational carriers (patents, licenses, software tools)-> materialistic carriers (prototypes, lab equipment)
- What is an open innovation? The use of inflows and outflows of knowledge to accelerate (beschleunigen) internal innovation and expand the markets for external use of innovation.
- Open innovation - two types of openness 1. open innovation with a clear business model for value creation and capture by appropriating rents from proprietary (Eigentums-) technology 2. free revealing of information by the actors involved in the innovation process
- Types of Crowdsourcing 1. Make many people in the crowd make small contributions (Wikipedia) 2. Searching in a crowd, finding a small number of individuals who make large contributions (Innocentive) 3. Intermediate Cases
- Advantages of Crowdsourcing - high variety and number of ideas - identify new and innovative ideas - quickness of answers, ideas and news - reduce the risk of a flop and the cost of innovation and market research - get access to explict knowledge
- innovation communities - individuals are often organized within user networks or communities - support of knowledge sharing activities - exchange knowledge and ideas for products - partly sponsored by firms - sharing rates are particularly (insbesondere) high for users in online communities