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Technologie und Innovationsmanagement (Subject) / Protecting Technology and Innovation I (Lesson)
- Intellectual Property Rights (Rechte am geistigen Eigentum) - they can increase incentives (Anreize) to innovate - they can help to appropriate profits from innovation - IPRs of others can make a firms life and innovation activity difficult
- Different types of intellectual property rights Unregistered IPRs -> Copyrights or Trade secrets Registered IPRs -> Patents, Internet domains, designs/trademarks => IPRs are typically rights to exclude others from use in commercial exploitation. Thus, a patent does not necessarily allow commercialization
- Lifetime of a patent 20 years at priority date
- How to obtain a patent 1. submit a patent application to the patent office 2. the application must describes the technical invention and defines the desired are of protection 3. application is examined and approved (or rejected) by the patent office (can last up to 4 years until there is a final decision) 4. granted patents can be renewed for up to 20 years
- Benefits and costs of patents Benefits: - Profits from: -> use in own production without the risk that a competitor receives the patent-> licensing against payment-> licensing in exchange for other patents (cross-licensing) - creates costs for rivals and potentially entry barriers - Image, signaling Costs: - Process costs: -> attorney (Rechtsanwalt)-> research-> patent office application fee-> renewal fee-> translation cost - giving up secrecy (innovation is made public, if a patent is obtained) - detection of infringement (Verletzung)
- patent information for competitors 1. analysis of competitors technolgy (benchmarking) 2. technology breakthroughs, shifts trends (verschobene Trends) and forecasting (Prognose) 3. international market analysis 4. valuation of technology assets 5. tracking and monitoring of key inventors
- costs and lifetime of a registered design - the term lasts 25 years - its much cheaper than a patent
- Advantages and problems of trademarks - must be used in order to maintain protection - cheap form of protection - firm has to identify infringements
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