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International Markets (Subject) / International Markets (Lesson)
- describe the level of land possession by farmers in Germany and international Germany: -small and medium-sized farms declining, large farms (50+ ha) increasing -proportion of leased/rented land increasing in Germany (easy down/west up -rent and purchasing (only slighty) prices are increasing international: -north/south America large farms over 100ha prevailing -Europe/central America medium-sized farms common -Africa/Aisa small scale agrculture most common
- describe the level of land possession by farmers in Germany and international Germany: -small and medium-sized farms declining, large farms (50+ ha) increasing -proportion of leased/rented land increasing in Germany (easy down/west up -rent and purchasing (only slighty) prices are increasing international: -north/south America large farms over 100ha prevailing -Europe/central America medium-sized farms common -Africa/Aisa small scale agrculture most common
- Evaluate land grabbing focused on agricultural productivity and global justice Agricultural productivity: -puts unutilized land to use -increases global food production Global justice: -critical forms of land grabs: conversion of land to food or biofuel for export -investors usually target the best land available ->leaving marginal lands to local people -displacement of local communities -failure to recognize, protect and compensate traditional land property rights
- Which are the common types of land reform? Redistributive land reform -land transfer from large landlords to landless households/rural people Land registration: -legalization of tradiional land tenure Post-totalitarian land reform: -distribution of agricultural land to people active in agriculture -restituting land rights to historical owners Collectivization: -consolidation of fragmented land into larger collective units (mostly controlled by the state)
- What are the rationale behind and the common outcomes of land reform? Rationale: -inefficiencies are not a result of the market forces -market forces alone can't be to lead to more efficient land distribution -food security -poverty reduction -increased employment -increased investment and productivity -increased equity -political stability Outcomes: -can significantly improve household wellbeing -family farms take over land they were cultivating anyway can lead to negative outcomes if: -focus is put solely on smallholders access to land and not their productivity -discourages off-farm employment -redistribution of well-functioning land to non-experienced beneficiaries can lead to significant production decrease
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