Assoziiert mit:

Herz:

• Asociated with a higher risk for cardiovascular diseases: ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure
• aortic regurgitation and conduction disturbances, congestive heart failure.

Lunge:

• restrictions in chest expansion due to costovertebral rigidity

Niere:

• IgA nephropathy and secondary amyloidosis (selten)

WS:

• Atlantoaxial subluxation
• Fracture of ankylosed spine