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• When did Sir Walter live? (which period was it?) 1554-1618: 2nd half of the 16th century and first of the 17th century  Colonial literature 
• What did Raleigh do? Who supported his idea? What legitimized his idea and who? tried to establish a settlement on a small island off the coast of Virginia. Harriot support this idea Queen Elizabeth I legitimized his plans with the Virginia Charter 
• When did Thomas Harriot live? 2nd half of the 16th century + 1st of the 17th century. He supported Raleighs ideas of a settlement in Virginia and described the land  2nd half of the 16th century: 1588: published his descriptions: Brief and True Report of the New-Found land of Virginia 
• Who published: Brief and True Reports of the New-Found Land of Virginia - When, what did it include? Thomas Harriot: 1588 (2nd half of the 16th century): propaganda about the possibilities of a colony in order to attract potential settlers  Harriot includes: raw materials and fruits in order to document the natural resources of the land 
• Who served as models for the lavish illustrations of Harriot's text? John White's watercolor paintings of the Natives + their customs served as models as well for Harriot's text. 
• abundance = deutsch? Fülle, Reichtumg, Überfluss
• Goal of Harriots book? to portray as temptingly as possible the abundance of wealth in the colony. 
• The frontispiece (Titelbild) of Harriot's book = was? the Garden of Eden and it equates Virginia with an earthly paradise. 
• How does Harriot argue= American and England? He compares America and the tatooed Native Americans of the region to the original population of ancient Britain. He argues that America is now in a similar state as England was at the time of the Roman conquest morge than 1500 years agoo. 
• How had Britain developed since the age of colonization according to Harriot? How does American's future look like? Britain had developed from a land of tattoed savages into one of the most civilized and mighty nations of the word. America will have a similar successful future. 
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• savages = deutsch? Wilde (Natives) 
• How was the place called Raleigh and Harriot supported? (where was it and when?) Roanoke - in Virginia and 1588
• What was called the Lost Colony? settlement in Virginia by Raleigh and supported by Harriot (Virginia Charter by the Queen Elisabeth 1) 
• Why did Roanoke went down in history as the Lost Colony? bad leadership, hostile contact with the Natives made a permanent settlement difficult 
• What happened with the settlers in Roanoke? they had to be rescued by Sir Francis DRAKE --> 2 years later, the left settlres who were left behind were not found anymore 
• What did the English Crown do after Roanoke went down? applied a new business model: not ONE person was selected to held all rights, but a large groups of investors: Virginia Company 
• King James I did what? divided the coastal areas bewteen Canada and Florida into two regions: investment groups: Virginia Company ---> Captain John Smith appeared on stage of English colonial policies 
• Captain John Smith (WHEN, WHAT?) 1580-1631: second half of the 16th century, first half of the 17th century,  impressive experiences: he has served in the Dutch army as a volunteer, fought then as a Habsburg soldier against the Turks, became a slave in the Ottoman Empire and killed his captor and made his way back to England through Russia and England. Participated in an expedition to Virginia in 1607 --> Jamestown
• Problem with Captain John Smith? --> how was he ? couldn't controll his temper --> but didn't got executed because of a letter --> he even was elected governor of the colony. --> but very talented to negotiate with the Native s and receive fod from the Indian tribes.  (Jamestown Colony in Virginia after King James I) 
• King James sent his Virginia Company to an expedition (after Roanoke failed) to .... when... = ??  to Virginia in 1607
• Colonoy of Jamestown founded in ... where... ... what? 1607 on the James River in Virginia.  became the first permanent English settlement in North America  John Smith (was the head of the settlement) 
• One conflict of Jamestown (colony) was the ..... ? Pocahontas myth ---> 1624 John Smith was taken hostile by the Natives and sentenced to death. --> but Pocahontas the King's deares daughter saved him from death 
• What shows the General History of Virginia? written by John Smith 1624: first half of the 17th century:  two opposing principles of the early image of America in the European imagination: Native are dangerous, but have attraction
• Michel de Montaigne 1533-92: whole 16th century (more 2nd half)  Natives of the New World as noble savages, who lived in harmony with their surroundings: his essay:  Des Cannibales 
• What happens with the Pocahontas myth? pocahontas becomes a female version of this myth, innocent femininity, a concrete person and eroticizing thrill. ---> unsolved mysteries of American colonial history wheter it's true or not! 
• What die John Smith wrote? General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles (1624)  --> also called: General History 
• Puritans? reached the Coast of today's Massachusetts in 1620 on the Mayflower --> John Smith offered his services to them. But the Pilgrims preferred his publications about America and not his offer! 
• Why did the Pilgrims reject Smith's offer to help them? they preferred his publications about America and not his controversial personality 
• Separatist 1607 : Puritan groups who did not concur (übereinstimmen) with the Church of England left it and stayed in the Dutch city of Leyden. From the Netherlands, the Puritans received through a patent of the London Virginia Company 
• William Bradford 1590-1657: first half of the 17th century  about a hundred Pilgrims reached Plymouth in today's Massachusetts and founded 1620: Plymouth Colony 
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• Where did the Mayflower land? outside the jurisdications of the Virginia Companyin in 1620 . ---> independence from the Crown --> Mayflower Compact 1620 followed by the settlers. 
• Who wrote "De Cannibales"? Michel de Montaigne (1533-92) 
• Who wrote a General History of Virginia? and when? John Smith and in 1624
• Who wrote "Of Plymouth Plantation" ? William Bradford --> it includes the Mayflower Compact --> first half of the 17th century. 1620.
• Of Plymouth Plantation = um was geht es? Puritans during their stay in Leyden in the Netherlands, the sea passage to America, and the development of the colony: time span from 1608 to 1647 ---> first half of the 17th century 
• When was Bradford's manuscript (Of Plymouth Plantation) found again, after thought to be lost for a long time? 1856 in the Bishop of London's library 
• One of the most central tenets (Grundsatz) of American Puritanism is.... ? the principle of predestination --> by Genevan reformer Calvin 
• Roger Williams --> when, what? 1603-1683: 17th century  was banned from Plymouth Colony because he supported a greater separation of church and state affairs within the colony. 
• Who wrote: A Key into the Language of America? and when? Roger Williams, 1643: first half of the 17th century. 
• Who wrote "A Key into the Language of America"? + what + when? Roger Williams 1643: supporting the protection of Natives in Providence, where he tried to establish a colony after his banishment. 
• Anna Hutchinson? 1591-1643: basically first half of the 17th century,  was also (like Williams) banned from Plymouth Colony in the 1630s for nonconfirming beliefs. --> conflict with the Puritans about her opinions.   known for her intelligence she and her family: killed by Natives because she had no protection from the community since she was excommunicated 
• Mary Rowlandson? 1637 - 1711 : abducted (entführt) by the Native Americans.  published her experiences in a true history of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson (1682). --> her story became the first bestseller in North America and served as a model for a plethora of frontier narratives --> for other European settlers. 
• A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of .... ? Wie lautet ganze der titel und wer hat's geschrieben? Wann und welche periode? of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson --> sie hat's 1682 geschrieben: colonial period! 
• Which book was the first bestseller in North America and when? A True History of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson published in 1682
• Thomas Morton 1579-1647: second half of the 16th century und first half of the 17th century.  1625: Morton settled with a few of his people near the Puritan Plymouth and named his settlement Merry Mount. --> business relationship with the Natives exchanging rum and weapons for fur --> Puritans didn't like it and arrested him. He was sent back to England but came back a year later. The Puritans burned down his property.  Morton went to exile in England --> wanted to show that the Puritans in New England had assumed too much power. 
• New English Canaan --> who wrote it? when? what does it describe? by Thomas Morton --> 1637: he published his justification against the Puritans under this title.  important non-Puritans perspective and opposing view on early New England history.  inspired Nathaniel Hawthorne (to write the May-Pole of Merry Mount). 
• a key understanding of the Puritan self-understand is...? the Calvinistic principle of predestination --> God has chosen the colony. 
• What did the Puritans influence (until today)? the notion of a nation chosen by God  dominates the self-image of the U.S and is still legitimize steps in foreign policy 
• Who did Morton inspire? with which text and when? The conflict with the Puritan authorities inspired nathaniel hawthorne in 1836 (very late) to write his story "the May pole of merry mount". 
• Who did: The May-Pole of Merry Mount --> write? and when? Nathaniel Hawthorne in 1836

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