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Managing organizations and people (Fach) / the evolution of management theory (Lektion)

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• Explain why studying management is historically relevant. Describe some examples. - important because it helps to see the origins of today's management practice and identify what has and has not worked  --> early examples: consturuction of the egyptian pyramids and in the arsenal of venice--> The wealth of the nations (Adam Smith) --> Benefits of division of labour (job specialisation); industrial revolution --> manufacture in factories
• Describe the important contributions made by Frederik Taylor and Frank and Lillian Gilberth. Taylor's 4 principles (scientific management)1. Use scientific methods to find the best way to do the job2. Scientifically select, train and develop the workers3. ensure cooperation from the workers by offering incentives4. allocate work and responsibilities to workers and managersGilbert- primary contribution was finding efficient hand-and-body motions and designing proper tools and equipment for optimising work performance
• Discuss how today's managers use the scientific approach. - managers use scientific approach when they analyse basic work tasks to be performed, use time and motion studies to eliminate wasted motions, hire the best qualified workers for a job, and design incentive systems based on output
• Describe Henry Fayol's 14 Management principles - 14 principles that increase efficiency - 4 managerial function, including planning, coordinating, organising, controlling,  (command) characteristics are specialisation of labour and a well defined hierachy --> general administrative theory
• Describe Max weber's contribution to the general administrative theory Bureaucracy: A form if organisation charcterised by division of labour, a clearly defined hierarchy, detailed rules and reguations and impersonal relationships
• Discuss how today's managers use general administrative theories of management - used when they perform the functions of management and structure their organisations so that resources are used efficiently and effectively. 
• Explain what the quantitative approach has to contribute to the field of management use of quatitative techniques help to improve decision making  - includes application of statistics, optimisation models, information models and computer simulations 
• How use todays managers the quantitative approach managers use it for planning and controlling work activities such as allocating ressorces, improving quality, scheduling work or determining optimum inventory levels --> decision making 
• explain the systems and contingency theories in the contemporary approach (unwichtig) systems theory: organisation takes input and transforms(processes) these ressorces to outputs  contingency theory: each organisation is different and requires therefore a different way for managing
• provide examples for current trends and issues that are influencing management today globalisation, ethics, worforce diversity, learning organisation and knowledge management

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