Englisch Vokabeln (Fach) / The Language of Film (Lektion)

Glossary

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• shot the basic unit of a film,one uninterrupted run of the camera
• scene a dramatic unit composed of one several shots. A scene usually takes placeat one point at time, in the same setting, and involves the same characters
• sequence a larger unit of a film a series of (edited) shots which have one theme or purpose amd form a coherent unit in the development of the plot
• detail shot/ extreme close-up camera is extremly close to sb or sth (e.g. a character's eyes or hand) gives particular attention to sunject or object to underline its underline its importance in a scene or its symbolic meaning
• close-up camera is very close to the objects (e.g. a character's face) concentrates viewer's attention on sth or sb specific; reveals feelings by showing a character's facial expression
• medium shot shows person from the waist up brings viewer closer to the action
• full shot a full view of a person (the entire body) and not much else gives viewer complete picture of sb or sth
• long shot (LS) camera is at a great distance from the subject or object being filmed presents an entire setting (good for viewer's orientation)
• extreme long shot (ELS) camera is at its furtherst distance possible from the subject, emphasis is on the background (the characters are like tiny dots) sets the scene (establishing shot)
• establishing shot opening shot or a sequence, usually a LS or ELS which includes a wide view of the loc<tion (setting) sets the scene for the action to come
• eye-lovel shot shot is made from the observer's eye level (fairly conventional camera perspective because its corresponds to the way we see the world) gives impression of authenticity and directness
• high-angle shot/ overhead shot camera looks down at a character makes a character seem small, weak, vulnerable
• low-angle shot camera is placed below the character enlarges sth or sb, stresses its importance or power
• point of view shot shows the scene from the point of view of a character (camera position is close to the character's line sight) viewer experiences thos character's line of sight, sees a scene from the perspective of this character
• over-the-shoulder shot camera is placed behind one speaker and is pointed at a second speaker viewer is given the impression that he is involved in a dialogue
• reverse-angle shot camera is placed behind the second speaker and focusses on the first dialogue partner often used with the over-the.shoulder shot to give viewer both sides of a dialogue
• to pan left/right horizontal movement e.g. follows a particukar action; moves viewer's attention from one thing to another
• to tilt it up and down vertical movement e.g. shows the subject in his/herfull length
• tracking shot/ to dolly in or out camera is on a vehicle (dolly) which is moving along the ground; camera foolows or precedes an object which is in motion itself allows viewer to move along with the action, e.g. a character's movement; adds speed to a scene
• to zoom in and out the movement is done by the camera lens only without the camera itself moving (tracking shot) concentrates attention on sb/sth or moves attention away from sb/sth
• cut the precise point at which shot1 ends and shot2 begins (the most common type of transition) fast cuts give the impression of fast-paced actions, slow cuts focus the viewer's attention on the emotional significance of a situation or create a calm atmosphere
• dissolve following a fade-out with a fade-in the action moves slowly from one scene to the next; produces a special link or contrast between two scenes
• fade-in from an empty screen (usually black) an image gradually emerges, which slowly becomes brighter until it is perfect clear begins a scene slowly
• fade-out the fading out at the end of a shot to an empty screen (usually black) ends a scene in a memorable way
• flashback a scene brwaks the chronological order to show past events provides background information, thus recalls a past event
• cross-cutting/parallel action mixing shots from different scenes (these usually occur at the same time, but not necessarily in the same place); intercutting two or more lines of action shows links between two events, e.g. parallel action or contrast; slows down or speeds up the action; givesextra information about the plot; often used in chase or rescued sequences
• high key light soft, even lightning, an image of very little contrast, in the extreme case no shadows at all softening details/a charater's face, usually associated with romantoc stories or comedies
• low key light hard, high-contrast lighting, creates dark shadows associated with serious or tragic stories, underlines ambivalence in a character (hard light makes a character appear older)

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