Psychologie (Fach) / INTRODUCTION TO COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (Lektion)

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• Cognitive Processes Cognitive psychology: the study of mental processes, of understanding and knowing; the study of the way in which the brain processes information
• Cognitive Processes Stages of cognitive processing: Perception: analysis of the information’s content Learning and memory storage: recording perceived input  Retrieval Thinking
• Experimental Cognitive Psychology experiments on human subjects to investigateperception, remembering, learning, and thinking • Wundt (first lab), Ebbinghaus (experiments on memory), James (textbook)
• Experimental Cognitive Psychology Behaviorism: psychology as the science of observable behaviors; the study ofcognitive processes was discarded as unscientific
• Experimental Cognitive Psychology Gestalt psychology: perception is sensory input, paired with our knowledge andexperience
• Experimental Cognitive Psychology Schema theory (Bartlett): perceptual input is compared with stored memory items;dependence on previous experience explains subjectivity of perception
• Experimental Cognitive Psychology Top-down and bottom-up processing: Top-down (schema-driven): generation of schemas by cortical structures;subsequent comparison with the incoming stimulus   Bottom-up (stimulus-driven): stimulation of sense organs progresses up to higher cortical areas

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