Treatment Methods (Fach) / L8 (Lektion)

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• Rogers’ Central Hypothesis “If I can provide a certain type of relationship, the other [person] will discover within himself the capacity to use that relationship for growth, and change and personal development will occur.” (Carl Rogers)
• Humanist assumptions •People are trustworthy by nature •They have the capacity to understand and resolve their own problems•They are innately resourceful and capable•Clients can understand what is making them unhappy•Respect and trust the client•Everyone has a natural potential•Human beings all have a natural growth mechanism inside of them if environmental conditions are good••The client/person-centered approach rests on humanism
• For a person to grow they need an environment that provides •1. Genuineness (openness and self-disclosure) 2. Empathy (being listened to and understood) 3. Acceptance (unconditional positive regard)  Thenà Self-actualization wil occurone can become a ‘fully functioning person
• Rogers’ theory of the Self •The Self (of the person) consists of: • Real Self ->self worth – Feelings of selfworth develop in early childhood and are formed from the interaction of the child with its parents • Perceived Self ->self-image – How we see ourselves, which is important to our psychological health. Includes the influence of our body image on inner personality • Ideal Self
• Emotion Theory •Emotions are adaptive forms of information processing •Emotions have a function: they point to the value of experiences and events, give meaning to what we experience•Emotions tell what is important to us, what we need à find out what we need to do•Emotion provide us with a sense of consistency and ‘wholeness’•Emotion as an entrance for change•EFT: therapy focused on emotions which systematically and flexibly teaches people to experience their emotions consciously and to use them adequately “Every emotion has a need, every need has an action tendency”
• 4 Emotion responses •1. Primary adaptive emotion responsimmediate emotional responses to a situation that helps an individual take appropriate action (evolution)•2. Maladaptive emotional responseimmediate, but involve over-learned responses from previous, often traumatic, experiences. Once useful in coping with a maladaptive situation in the past, they no longer are the source of adaptive coping in the present. •3. Secondary emotional responsesemotional reactions to primary emotional experiences. Fear (situation)à shame•4. Instrumental responsesused by the person to influence and control others. These may be habitual learned responses, and may or may not be deliberate or conscious.
• Basis of EFT Change happens in 4 stages •1. Awareness of what we feel- important because emotions provide information about the meaning of our experience and direct our behavior 2. Regulating our emotional arousal- flooding emotions (under-regulating)- no contact with emotions (over-regulating) 3. ReflectionHelping to make sense of aroused experience – developing self-knowledge •4. Transforming of emotion by emotion- bringing the person in contact with the primary adaptive emotion (the emotion knows what I need)

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