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Treatment Methods (Fach) / L4 (Lektion)
- Transdiagnostic treatment •Between disorders (e.g., anxiety and depression)•Within disorders (e.g. anorexia and bulimia nervosa) •Treatment aimed at underlying mechanisms•Please note: next to common factors, there are also essential differences•à treating these differences may be necessary!
- Transdiagnostic factors –Risk factor for development and relapse–Associated with comorbidity–Theoretic framework –Treatment à reduction of symptoms
- Low self-esteem as transdiagnostic factor Formal symptom several DSM-disorders •Risk factor for development and relapse •No treatment -> hinders remission
- Aaron Beck Negative, dysfunctional thoughts cause (e.g.) depressive symptoms –Dysfunctional thoughts activate schemes –Treatment = challenging thoughts, replacing dysfunctional thoughts •Unlearning does not exist!
- Brewin: Retrieval competition –Treatment is not replacing dysfunctional thoughts –But creating new, more functional representations in memory •Note: Brewin does not mean Beck’s method does not work, but explains the working mechanisms differently
- COMET Competetive Memory Training •Group or individual •Feeling versus thinking •Memory = database –I ->good father/mother, coward, skillful, sporty, loyal, stupid –Only one meaning can be activated at a time (context) •Retrieval competition! –Functional versus dysfunctional •COMET = increase activation of functional representations –Improve emotional salience, repetition, negative triggers + positive self-image
- Autonomy problems • Feelings of insecurity, difficulties making decisions• Low self-esteem, little self-expression• Difficulties recognizing and setting boundaties• Losing oneself in relationships• Being dependent on others• Identity problems, chameleon• Conflict avoidance, not expressing anger• Feeling responsible for other people’s feelings• Excessive guilt
- Autonomy-connectedness • Self-awareness •Being aware of your own opinions, wishes and needs, the ability to act on these in social interactions • Sensitivity to others •Being sensitive to the opinions, wishes and needs of others; empathy; the ability/the need for intimacy • Capacity for managing new situations •The ability to feel at ease quickly in new situations
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