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Ophthalmologie (Fach) / ophthalmologie (Lektion)

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• A cataract operation is indicated to restore visual acuity and for congenital and traumatic cataracts
• A newborn child with bilateral dense cataract should be operated as soon as possible usually before 2 months as it leads to ambylopia (lazy eye) 
• A normal cornea is 11,5mm diameter and 0,5-0,6mm thick in the centre and 0,6-0,8mm thick at the periphery. The refractive power is approx 43 dioptres
• A patient with anterior uveitis feels pain constantly worse during accomodation and sharp light 
• A patient with suspected retinal detachment is examined by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) or with the indirect ophthalmoscope 
• A peripheral iridectomoy is indicated in angle closure glaucoma
• A peripheral paresis of the facial nerve causes lagophthalmos (inability to close eyelids completely, lagopthalmos leads to corneal drying and ulceration)
• Accomodation is caused by relaxation of the zonular fibres and the parasympathetic nervous system 
• Acute angle-closure glaucoma is treated by iridectomy
• Acute conjunctivits is common, cilateral, mucopurulent, glossy and transparent cornea, normal IOP and normal visual cuity. Treated with antibiotics 
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• Acute iritis photophobia, blepharospasm, little reflex lacrimation, decreased vision, miotic pupil (pinhole). Treated with steroids
• After strabismus close eyes 
• Age related macular degeneration does not end with complete blindness
• Ambylopia can be found in concomitant strabismus 
• Ambylopia is found most often in young children 
• Ambylopia starts in early childhood
• An emmetropic patient need at the age of 45 years usually presbyopic correction of +1D
• Anisometropia means a different refractive power in each eye 
• Anterior chamber is the chamber between the cornea an the iris 
• Aphakia is the absence of the lens of the eye due to sugical removal, a perforating wound or ulcer, ot congenital anomaly

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