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  • Aspirin dose for complete platelet COX-1 inhibition - acute and long term Over 300 mg for acute effects, 50-100 mg day as long term therapy (effective anti-thrombotic agent in the clinic)
  • Clinical prescribed concentrations of aspirin 75 mg day-1 up to 1500 mg day.
  • Low dose aspirin Doses below 165mg per day are referred to as low dose aspirin
  • Dangerous doses of aspirin with no improced antithrombotic effect Doses of aspirin greater than 75–81 mg day-1 produced no enhancement in antithrombotic efficacy but were associated with increased bleeding events (over 80mg influences prostacyclin production)
  • p2Y12 inhibitors clopidogrel, large outcome studies of newer and more potent P2Y12-receptor antagonists, notably prasugrel and ticagrelor. Pre-treatment with clopidogrel necessary for multiple hours (15h 300mg, 2h 600mg)/ Prasugrel and Ticagrelor faster Different because of their routes of administration, reversibility, and pharmacodynamic properties. Prasugrel: is an orally administered agent that provides faster, higher, and more consistent inhibition of platelet aggregation than clopidogrel. Simialr bleeding risk Cangrelor: is an intravenously administered, reversible, short-acting agent with a rapid onset of activity. Bleeding risk and clinical outcomes data are similar in cangrelor- and abciximab-treated patients.  The results of ongoing Phase III clinical trials involving more than 40,000 patients will demonstrate whether these agents fulfill their potential to improve outcomes in PCI-treated patients by providing faster, higher, and more consistent inhibition of platelet aggregation.
  • NSAIDS - aspirin vs other nsaids, why is paracetamol not an NSAID NSAIDS: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – Ibuprofen, naproxen, aspirin COX inhibition aspirin: irreversible, rest: reversible Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is not considered an NSAID because it has little anti-inflammatory activity. It treats pain mainly by blocking COX-2 mostly in the central nervous system, but not much in the rest of the body.
  • Who does the NTA work (brownian motion) laser (488nm) into fluid, scatters from a suspension of particles that are moving under Brownian motion (the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid (a liquid or a gas) resulting from their collision with the fast-moving molecules in the fluid) This scatter is detected and visualized by a 20x magnification microscope connected to a highly sensitive camera. The camera was used to record five videos of 90 seconds for each sample. Tubes connected to the Nanosight were flushed with PBS before being loaded with the sample. The NTA2.1 software, that tracks particle motion from frame to frame, provided data on EV concentration in the suspension and high-resolution particle size distribution for individual particles. Software settings for analysis were set to: detection threshold, 5–10; Blur, auto; minimum expected particle size, 20 nm.
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