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Vorderseite Metabolische Alkalose
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Metabolic alkalosis is a primary increase in serum bicarbonate (HCO3-) concentration which occurs as a consequence of a loss of H+ from the body or a gain in HCO3-.

There are many causes of metabolic alkalosis but they can be divided into

  • Chloride-responsive alkalosis (urine chloride <20 mEq/L)
  • Chloride-resistant alkalosis (urine chloride >20 mEq/L) and
  • Other causes, including alkali-loading alkalosis.

Ingestion of large doses of non-absorbable antacids (for example, magnesium hydroxide) may generate metabolic alkalosis by a rather complicated mechanism.

diuretics and the external loss of gastric secretions

Volume depletion also stimulates aldosterone secretion, which enhances sodium ion reabsorption in the collecting duct and increases hydrogen ion and potassium secretion in this segment.
penicillin: hypokalaemic metabolic alkalosis by distal delivery of non-reabsorbable anions with an absorbable cation such as Na+.

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