Benign, hormone-sensitive uterine neoplasms. The most common tumor of the female genital tract.

Predisposing factors:- Nulliparity- Early menarche (< 10 years old)- Age: 25-45 years- Race: Black women are at increased risk.- Obesity- Family history

Classification1. Intramural leiomyoma (most common)2. Subserosal leiomyoma3. Submucosal leiomyoma4. Diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis

Clinical features:- Abnormal menstruation: Hypermenorrhea, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia (possibly associated anemia)- Enlarged, firm and irregular uterus during bimanual pelvic examination- Back or pelvic pain/discomfort- Urinary tract or bowel symptoms (e.g., urinary frequency/retention, constipation, features of hydronephrosis) Reproductive abnormalities: Infertility, dyspareunia

Diagnostics: Ultrasound, MRI

Pathology:- Macroscopic→ Grayish-white surface→ Homogenous; tissue bundles on cross section partly in a whorled pattern→ Some leiomyomas may involve regressive changes: scar formation, calcification, and cysts- Microscopic: Smooth muscle tissue, consisting of monoconal cells interspersed with connective tissue

Treatment:- Medical: Hormone therapy, NSAIDs, antifibrinolytics- Surgical therapy: Myotomy, hysterectomy