Mitochrondrial DNA codes for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation enzxmes.- Inheritance is only from mother to child

Leber hereditary optic neuropathy- Loss of retinal cells, which leads to central vision loss

Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF)- Epilepsy, ataxia, peripheral neuropathy- Deterioration in cognitive ability- Sensorineural hearing loss and ocular dysfunction- Short stature- Cardiomyopathy- Muscle biopsy: ragged red fibers on Gomori trichrome staining due to the accumulation of mitochondria

Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS)