Diphtheria toxin (Corynebacterium diphtheriae), exotoxin A (Pseudomonas aeruginosa): Inactivate elongation factor (EF-2).

Shiga toxin (Shigella), shiga-like toxin (EHEC): Inactivate 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA

Heat-labile toxin (ETEC): Overactivates adenylate cyclase (↑ cAMP) → ↑ Cl^- secretion in gut and H₂O efflux.Heat-stabile toxin (ETEC): Overactivates guanylate cyclase (↑ cGMP) → ↓ reabsorption of NaCl and H₂O in gut.

Edema toxin (Bacillus anthracis): Mimics adenylate cyclase (↑ cAMP).

Cholera toxin (Vibrio cholerae): Overactivates adenylate cyclase (↑ cAMP) by permanently stimulating G_s → ↑ Cl^- secretion in gut and H₂O efflux.

Pertussis toxin (Bordatella pertussis): Overactivates adenylate cyclase (↑ cAMP) by disabling G_i, impairing phagocytosis to permit survival of microbe.

Tetanospasmin (C tetani), Botulinum toxin (C botulinum): Proteases that cleave SNARE (soluble NSF attachment protein receptor), a set of proteins required for neurotransmitter release via vesicular fusion.

Alpha toxin (Clostridium perfringens): Phospholipase (lecithinase) that degrades tissue and cell membranes.

Streptolysin O (Streptococcus pyogenes): Protein that degrades cell membrane.

Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) (S aureus), erythrogenic exotoxin A (Streptococcus pyogenes): Cross-links β region of TCR to MHC class II on APCs outside of the antigen binding site → overwhelming release of IL-1, IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α → shock.