Dermatology (Fach) / Derma Oral (Lektion)
In dieser Lektion befinden sich 25 Karteikarten
Final 6.2.2020
Diese Lektion wurde von JanaK erstellt.
Diese Lektion ist leider nicht zum lernen freigegeben.
- 2. Skin as an immunological organ - Immune cells in the epidermis are: Langerhans cells and keratinocytes- Immune cells in the dermis are: Dermal dendritic cells, lymphocytes (T cells, B cells), natural killer cells and mast cells Epidermis: ...
- 1. The function of the skin - Protection of body from ultraviolet radiation, dehydration, microorganisms and mechanical trauma- Sensation through somatic sensory receptors- Temperature regulation by releasing sweat from sweat glands ...
- 3. Epidermis - Structure and function The epidermis is the outermost layer of our skin. It contains no blood supply of its own. The epidermis is itself divided into at least four separate parts; Stratum basale (germinativum), stratum spinosum, ...
- 4. Dermis - Structure and function The dermis is a tough layer of skin. The dermis is composed of two layers; papillary layer and the reticular layer The papillary layer provides the layer above it, the epidermis, with nutrients to produce ...
- 5. Hair - Structure and function The shaft of a hair consists of a cuticle and a cortex of hard-keratin surrounding a soft-keratin medulla. Pigmented hair contains melanin in the cortex and medulla. The colour of hair depends mainly ...
- 6. Nail - Structure and function The horny zone of the nail is composed of hard-keratin and has a distal exposed part (body) and a proximal hidden portion (root). The root is covered by a distalward prolongation of the stratum corneum ...
- 7. Vascular system of the skin and skin innervation ... The skin has a profuse blood supply, which is important in temperature regulation. A subpapillary plexus in the dermis is derived from the subcutaneous arteries that form a network in the subcutaneous ...
- 8. Skin changes - Primary lesions • Erythema – Redness of the skin that results from capillary congestion.• Macule – A change in the colour of skin that is neither raised nor depressed, less than 0,5cm• Patch – Large macule, ...
- 9. Skin changes - Secondary lesions • Scale – Flake arising from horny layer, indicate inflammatory changes and thickening of epidermis• Keratosis – Localized horny overgrowth of the skin, such as wart or callus.• Crust – May ...
- 10. Some dermatological phenomena • Raynaud’s ... Raynaud’s phenomenon – Condition in which spasm of arteries cause episodes of reduced blood flow typically in the fingers. Episodes result in the affected part turning white and then blue. Often, ...
- 11. Allergologic diagnostics – Prick tests and patch ... Prick test – It detects immediate (type I) hypersensitivity. Commercially prepared diluted antigens and a control are placed as single drops on marked areas of the forearm. The skin is pricked through ...
- 12. Topical treatment in dermatology – Types of ... Topical formulations are applied directly to the skin. Topical formulations are made up in a vehicle, or base, which may be optimised for a particular site of the body or type of skin condition. The product ...
- 13. Phototherapy in dermatology Phototherapy is the use of ultraviolet light, which is found in sunlight, for the treatment of skin disease. Although natural sunlight is sometimes used for certain diseases, artificially produced ultraviolet ...
- 14. Cryotherapy in dermatology Cryotherapy uses liquid nitrogen to freeze skin lesions. The liquid nitrogen is often applied with a “cryo gun” which sprays a thin cold mist onto the skin, resulting in a white, frost-like appearance ...
- 15. Corticosteroids in topical treatment – Indications ... A skin scraping and potassium hydroxide test can clarify whether a steroid or an antifungal is an appropriate choice. Topical corticosteroids are effective for conditions that are characterized by hyperproliferation, ...
- 16. Corticosteroids in topical treatment – Mode ... Corticosteroids bind to glucocorticoid receptor, nuclear receptor on outer membrane of nucleus inside cell. Through this it’s translocated to nucleus and attaches to glucocorticoid response elements ...
- 17. Corticosteroids in systemic treatment – Indications ... Indications – Condition is associated with systemic disease, very severe disease, topical drug is inactive• Severe, allergic/hypersensitivity reactions• Dermatitis – atopic, contact, exfoliative, ...
- 18. Pruritus Pruritus is a symptom with many causes but not a disease. Itchy patients fall into two groups: those whose pruritus is caused simply by surface causes (e.g. eczema, lichen planus and scabies, sunburn, ...
- 19. Antipruritic treatment modalities • Calamine lotion • Crotamiton • Mixture containing menthol, phenol, camphor, zinc oxide• Sedative antihistamines (diphenydramide) • Skin moisturizers / emollients • Avoidance of rough ...
- 20. Viral infection – Herpes simplex (Type I – ... Causes Primary infections:• Herpesvirus hominis Recurrent infections:• Respiratory tract infections• Ultraviolet radiation• Menstruation• Stress Symptoms Primary infections:• Malaise• Headache• ...
- 21. Viral infection – Herpes zoster Causes Symptoms ... Causes• Herpes virus varicella-zoster Incidence of shingles is highest in old age, in conditions such as Hodgkin’s disease, AIDS and leukemia. Symptoms • Burning pain • Erythema • Blood-filled ...
- 22. Viral wars Causes Symptoms Complications Differential ... Causes• Human papilloma virus • HPV-1, 2 and 4 (Common warts)• HPV-3 (Plane warts)• HPV-6, 11, 16 and 18 (Genital warts) Symptoms • Common warts (hands): Smooth skin-coloured papule• Plantar ...
- 23. Molloscum contagiosum Causes Symptoms Complications ... Causes• Common pox virus (sexually, sharing towel) Symptoms • Papules are shiny, white or pink• Central punctum contains cheesy core Complications • Eczematous patches • Traumatized or overtreated ...
- 24. Lichen planus Causes Symptoms Complications ... Causes• CD8+ cytotoxic T cells• Associated with autoimmune disorders, such as alopecia areata, vitiligo and ulcerative colitis• Genetic predisposition• Stress• Hepatitis C• Drugs Symptoms ...
- 25. Dermatophyte skin infections (ringworm) Causes ... Causes• Trichophyton: Skin, hair, nail infections• Microsporum: skin, hair infections• Epidermophyton: skin, nail infections Symptoms • Tinea pedis (athlete’s foot): Soggy interdigital scaling, ...