Semantic Theories (Subject) / Theories of Word Fields or Semantic Fields (Lesson)
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word field
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- the theory of word fields.. - mainly concerned with the investigation of the content of language - concept of fields introduced by G. Ipsen ("Bedeutungsfeld" = semantic field) - most influential representative of the movement: J. Trier = contents of linguistic items delimit each other so that a language does not consist of isolated elements but of structured wholes, which are called "fields" (vocabulary & sentences)
- Three principles characterise the theory of a semantic field 1. it is holistic = individual terms are viewed in relation to the whole rather than as isolated terms 2. it is content related = its aim is to explore the content of language 3. it is descriptive and synchronic = it investigates the language at a given time -> theory developed as a reaction to earlier approaches (semasiology and onomasiology)
- Semasiology - investigated conceptual contents - investigation starts with the concept not the word
- Onomasiology investigated language as designating objects and concepts objects and concepts exist independent of language