USMLE (Fach) / Virology (Lektion)

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Diploid genome (2 molecules of RNA).

3 structural genes:- env (gp120 and gp41): envelope glycoproteins→ gp120 – attachment to CD4+ T cell→ gp41 – fusion and entry- gag (p24 and p17): capsid and matrix proteins, respectively- pol: reverse transcriptase, aspartate protease, integrase

- Reverse transcriptase synthesizes dsDNA from genomic RNA; dsDNA integrates into host genome.

- Virus binds CD4 as well as coreceptor, either CCR5 on macrophages (early infection) or CXCR4 on T cells (late infection).

Homozygous CCR5 mutation = immunityHeterozygous CCR5 mutation = slower course

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