USMLE (Fach) / Virology (Lektion)
Rhabdovirus (bullet-shapped virus, enveloped, ⊝ ssRNA, helical)- Infection more commonly from bat, raccoon, and skunk bites (US) and dogs (worldwide).- Aerosol transmission (eg, bat caves) also possible.
- Negri bodies commonly found in Purkinje cells of cerebellum and in hippocampal neurons.- Travels to the CNS by migrating in a retrograde fashion up nerve axons after binding to ACh receptors.
- Long incubation period (weeks to months) before symptom onset.
Progression of disease: fever, malaise → agitation, photophobia, hydrophobia, hypersalivation → paralysis, coma → death
Postexposure prophylaxis is wound cleaning plus immunization with killed vacine and rabies immunoglobulin (= passive-active immunity).
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