Dimorphic; forms pseudohyphae and budding yeasts at 20°C, germ tubes (true hyphae) at 37°C serum. Forms pseudohyphae when it invades tissues. This test helps differentiate C albicans from other Candida species.

- Oral and esophageal thrush in immunocompromised (neonates, steroids, diabetes, AIDS)- Perlèche: crevices of mouth/malnutrition- Vulvovaginitis (diabetes, use of antibiotics)- Diaper rash- Endocarditis (IV users)- Disseminated candidiasis

Treatment: - Vaginal: oral fluconazole/topical azole- Oral: Nystatin, fluconazole, or echinocandins- Systemic: fluconazole, echinocandines, amphotericin B